Negatively buoyant jets in a cross flow

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049 ‡aMAIN
050 1 4 ‡aTD172 ‡b.E46 1973 no.12
070 ‡aTD172.E57 No.73-012
086 0 ‡aEP 1.23/2:660/2-73-012
088 ‡aEPA-660/2-73-012
100 1 ‡aAnderson, Jerry Lee, ‡d1944-, ‡eauthor.
245 1 0 ‡aNegatively buoyant jets in a cross flow / ‡cby Jerry Lee Anderson, Frank L. Parker, Barry A. Benedict.
264 1 ‡aWashington, D.C. : ‡bU.S. G.P.O., ‡c1973.
300 ‡axiii, 199 pages : ‡billustrations ; ‡c27 cm.
336 ‡atext ‡btxt ‡2rdacontent
337 ‡aunmediated ‡bn ‡2rdamedia
338 ‡avolume ‡bnc ‡2rdacarrier
490 0 ‡aEnvironmental protection technology series ; ‡vEPA-660/2-73-012
500 ‡aPrepared for Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under grant R-800613, project 16130 FDQ, program element 1BA032.
504 ‡aIncludes bibliographical references (pages 121-124).
505 0 ‡aConclusions -- Recommendations -- Introduction -- Review of the literature -- Analytical developments of Fan's and Abraham's model -- Methods and material -- Analysis for data and presentation of results -- Summary and conclusions -- List of references -- Glossary -- list of notations -- Appendices. Salinity-density relationship ; Computer program -- Fan's model ; Computer program -- Abraham's model ; Computer program -- DRKGS ; Calibration of o.5 gpm rotameter ; Calibration of 60° V-notch weir ; Computer program -- analysis ; Observed values and theoretical curves predicted by Fan's and Abraham's model.
520 3 ‡a"Negatively buoyant jets, or sinking jets, can be observed in many problems of pollutant discharge. Any chemical waste that is heavier than the receiving water into which it is discharged may act as a negatively buoyant jet. In addition, when water is taken from the hypolimnion of a deep lake or reservoir and used as cooling water, the temperature, and consequently, the discharge may behave like a negatively buoyant jet. Two existing jet diffusion models have been utilized to predict the trajectory and dilution of a positively buoyant jet, or a rising jet, and have been modified to account for the sinking effect. Twenty-four experimental investigations were conducted involving different combinations of densimetric Froude number, velocity ratios, and initial angle of discharge. Salt was used as the tracer, yielding a fluid that was denser than the ambient receiving water and facilitated measuring concentration profiles of the jet plume. The coefficient of entrainment, the major mechanism of dilution, was determined as a function of the densimetric Froude number, velocity ratio, and initial angle of discharge. The reducted drag coefficient was chosen as zero for both models since any other value would predict a trajectory whose rise would be less than experimentally observed. For all angles of discharge the entrainment coefficient increased with a decrease in the velocity ratio and with an increase in densimetric Froude number. Additionally, there was a marked decrease in the entrainmnet coefficient with a decrease in the initial angle of discharge."--Page ii.
538 ‡aMode of access: Internet.
650 7 ‡aWater ‡xPollution. ‡2fast ‡0(OCoLC)fst01171279
650 7 ‡aWater jets. ‡2fast ‡0(OCoLC)fst01171779
650 7 ‡aThermal pollution of rivers, lakes, etc. ‡2fast ‡0(OCoLC)fst01149776
650 7 ‡athermal pollution. ‡2aat ‡0(CStmoGRI)aat300055361
650 6 ‡aPollution thermique des cours d'eau, lacs, etc. ‡0(CaQQLa)201-0030027
650 6 ‡aJets d'eau. ‡0(CaQQLa)201-0368130
650 2 ‡aWater Pollution ‡0(DNLM)D014876
650 0 ‡aThermal pollution of rivers, lakes, etc.
650 0 ‡aWater ‡xPollution.
650 0 ‡aWater jets.
700 1 ‡aBenedict, Barry A., ‡eauthor.
700 1 ‡aParker, Frank L., ‡d1926- ‡eauthor.
710 1 ‡aUnited States. ‡bEnvironmental Protection Agency. ‡bOffice of Research and Development, ‡eissuing body.
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