| LDR | 03660cam a2200421Ia 4500 | ||
| 001 | 102472990 | ||
| 003 | MiAaHDL | ||
| 005 | 20181023000000.0 | ||
| 006 | m d | ||
| 007 | cr bn ---auaua | ||
| 008 | 090707s2009 iaua bt 000 0 eng d | ||
| 035 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡asdr-ucbk.b178037242 |
| 040 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aUIG ‡cUIG ‡dJCR ‡dFHATR ‡dCBT |
| 050 | ⊔ | 4 | ‡aTA440 ‡b.W34 2009 |
| 090 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aTA440 ‡b.W34 2009 |
| 035 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡a(OCoLC)422712640 |
| 100 | 1 | ⊔ | ‡aWang, Kejin. |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | ‡aInvestigation into freezing-thawing durability of low permeability concrete with and without air entraining agent / ‡cKejin Wang, Gilson Lomboy, Robert Steffes. |
| 260 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aAmes, IA : ‡bNational Concrete Pavement Technology Center, Iowa State University, ‡c[2009] |
| 300 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aix, 34, A-4 p. : ‡bill. ; ‡c28 cm. |
| 500 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡a"June 2009." |
| 504 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 33-34). |
| 513 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aFinal report. |
| 520 | 3 | ⊔ | ‡aThe aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of low-permeability concrete, made with reduced water-to-binder ratios (w/b) and/or supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), on the need for air entrainment to achieve freezing-thawing (F-T) durability. In the present study, concrete mixes were made with different types of cement (Type I and IP), with or without fly ash replacement (15%), with different water-to-binder ratios (w/b=0.25, 0.35, 0.45 and 0.55), and with or without air entraining agent (AEA). All concrete mixtures were controlled to have a similar slump by using different dosages of superplasticizer. The rapid chloride permeability and F-T durability of the concrete samples were determined according to ASTM C1202 and ASTM C666A, respectively. The air void structure of the concrete was studied using the Air Void Analyzer, Rapid Air, and porosity tests (ASTM C642). In addition, the general concrete properties, such as slump, air content, unit weight, and 28-day compressive strength, were evaluated. The results indicate that all concrete mixes with proper air entrainment (ASTM C23 air content greater than or equal to 6%) showed good F-T resistance (durability factor greater than or equal to 86%). All concrete mixes without AEA showed poor F-T resistance (durability factor less than 40%), except for one mix that had very low permeability and high strength. This was the concrete made with Type IP cement and with a w/b of 0.25, which had a permeability of 520 coulombs and a compressive strength of 12,760 psi (88 MPa). There were clear relationships between the F-T durability and hardened concrete properties of non-air entrained concrete. However, such relationships did not exist in concrete with AEA. For concrete with AEA, good F-T durability was associated with an air void spacing factor less than or equal to 0.28 mm (by AVA) or less than or equal to 0.22 mm (by RapidAir). |
| 530 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aAlso available via the Internet. |
| 536 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aPerformed by National Concrete Pavement Technology Center, sponsored by Iowa Concrete Paving Association and Iowa Dept. of Transportation. |
| 538 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aMode of access: Internet. |
| 650 | ⊔ | 7 | ‡aChloride content. ‡2trt |
| 650 | ⊔ | 7 | ‡aAir entrainment. ‡2trt |
| 650 | ⊔ | 7 | ‡aFreeze thaw durability. ‡2trt |
| 650 | ⊔ | 0 | ‡aConcrete ‡xTesting. |
| 700 | 1 | ⊔ | ‡aSteffes, Robert. |
| 700 | 1 | ⊔ | ‡aLomboy, Gilson. |
| 710 | 2 | ⊔ | ‡aIowa State University. ‡bNational Concrete Pavement Technology Center. |
| 710 | 1 | ⊔ | ‡aIowa. ‡bDepartment of Transportation. |
| 710 | 2 | ⊔ | ‡aIowa Concrete Paving Association. |
| CID | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡a102472990 |
| DAT | 0 | ⊔ | ‡a19180919000000.0 ‡b20181023000000.0 |
| DAT | 1 | ⊔ | ‡a20181020090600.0 ‡b2024-05-09T17:48:49Z |
| DAT | 2 | ⊔ | ‡a2024-05-09T17:30:02Z |
| CAT | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aSDR-UCBK ‡dIII - MILLENIUM ‡lprepare.pl-004-007 |
| FMT | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡aBK |
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| 974 | ⊔ | ⊔ | ‡bUC ‡cUCBK ‡d20240509 ‡sgoogle ‡uuc1.c100918072 ‡y2009 ‡ric ‡qbib ‡tUS bib date1 >= 1930 |